Here are the packages that appear essential or important for basic system functionality. You should keep these in addition to your mentioned required packages + openssh, perl and python3:

adduser
apt-utils
base-files
base-passwd
bash
bsdutils
coreutils
dash
debconf
debian-archive-keyring
dpkg
e2fsprogs
fdisk
findutils
gcc-12 (or your system's default gcc)
grep
gzip
hostname
init
initramfs-tools
kbd
kmod
less
libgcc-s1
libc6
login
mount
procps
sed
systemd
tar
udev
util-linux
zlib1g

The rest can potentially be removed, though carefully verify dependencies before removal. Some packages like sudo may be important depending on your setup.